Here’s one thought… friction… not in physics, but in work.
There is good friction that slows you down a bit but has purpose. Sometimes… but not always… you want more of this. Like locks on doors. Or code reviews.
And there is bad friction.
My best analogy for this is “sludge” in Tears of the Kingdom. It’s annoying. It’s random. It slows you down. And your quest is to eliminate it! (But to do so you must wade through lots of it). Like broken systems! Fix them!!